Kayan lithium tantalate mai siririn fim (LTOI) suna fitowa a matsayin wani sabon ƙarfi a fannin haɗakar na'urorin gani. A wannan shekarar, an buga ayyuka da dama na manyan na'urori masu daidaita LTOI, tare da wafers masu inganci na LTOI wanda Farfesa Xin Ou daga Cibiyar Fasahar Sadarwa ta Shanghai ya samar, da kuma hanyoyin yin amfani da na'urorin auna hasken rana masu inganci waɗanda ƙungiyar Farfesa Kippenberg ta haɓaka a EPFL, Switzerland. Haɗin gwiwar da suka yi ya nuna sakamako mai ban sha'awa. Bugu da ƙari, ƙungiyoyin bincike daga Jami'ar Zhejiang ƙarƙashin jagorancin Farfesa Liu Liu da Jami'ar Harvard ƙarƙashin jagorancin Farfesa Loncar suma sun ba da rahoto game da na'urorin auna hasken LTOI masu saurin gudu da kwanciyar hankali.
A matsayinsa na dangi na kusa da lithium niobate mai siririn fim (LNOI), LTOI yana riƙe da yanayin daidaitawa mai sauri da ƙarancin asara na lithium niobate yayin da kuma ke ba da fa'idodi kamar ƙarancin farashi, ƙarancin birefringence, da raguwar tasirin photorefractive. An gabatar da kwatancen manyan halayen kayan biyu a ƙasa.
◆ Kamanceceniya tsakanin Lithium Tantalate (LTOI) da Lithium Niobate (LNOI)
①Ma'aunin Haske:2.12 da 2.21
Wannan yana nufin cewa girman jagorar raƙuman ruwa mai yanayi ɗaya, radius mai lanƙwasa, da girman na'urorin da ba sa aiki da yawa waɗanda suka dogara da kayan biyu suna kama da juna, kuma aikin haɗin fiber ɗin su ma yana kama da juna. Tare da kyakkyawan etching na jagorar raƙuman ruwa, kayan biyu na iya cimma asarar shigarwa<0.1 dB/cm. EPFL ta ba da rahoton asarar jagorar raƙuman ruwa na 5.6 dB/m.
②Ma'aunin Wutar Lantarki:30.5 na yamma/V idan aka kwatanta da 30.9 na yamma/V
Ingancin daidaitawa yana da kama da na kayan biyu, tare da daidaitawa bisa ga tasirin Pockels, wanda ke ba da damar babban bandwidth. A halin yanzu, masu gyaran LTOI suna iya cimma 400G a kowace layi, tare da bandwidth ya wuce 110 GHz.
③Bandgift:3.93 eV idan aka kwatanta da 3.78 eV
Duk kayan suna da faffadan taga mai haske, wanda ke tallafawa aikace-aikace daga raƙuman haske da ake iya gani zuwa infrared, ba tare da sha a cikin madannin sadarwa ba.
④Ma'aunin Ba a Layi na Biyu ba (d33):21 na dare/V vs 27 na dare/V
Idan ana amfani da shi don aikace-aikacen da ba na layi ba kamar samar da harmonic na biyu (SHG), samar da bambancin mita (DFG), ko samar da mita-mita (SFG), ingancin juyawa na kayan biyu ya kamata ya zama iri ɗaya.
◆ Fa'idar Farashi ta LTOI da LNOI
①Kudin Shiri na Ƙananan Wafer
LNOI yana buƙatar dasa He ion don rabuwar Layer, wanda ke da ƙarancin ingancin ionization. Sabanin haka, LTOI yana amfani da dasa H ion don rabuwa, kamar SOI, tare da ingancin delamination fiye da LNOI sau 10. Wannan yana haifar da babban bambanci na farashi ga wafers masu inci 6: $300 idan aka kwatanta da $2000, raguwar farashi da kashi 85%.
②An riga an yi amfani da shi sosai a kasuwar kayan lantarki na masu amfani don matatun sauti(Na'urori 750,000 a kowace shekara, waɗanda Samsung, Apple, Sony, da sauransu ke amfani da su).
◆ Fa'idodin Aiki na LTOI vs LNOI
①Ƙananan lahani na kayan aiki, Rauni Tasirin Photorefractive, Ƙarin Kwanciyar hankali
Da farko, masu daidaita LNOI galibi suna nuna karkacewar maki na bias, galibi saboda tarin caji da lahani a mahaɗin jagorar waveguide ke haifarwa. Idan ba a yi maganin su ba, waɗannan na'urori na iya ɗaukar har zuwa kwana ɗaya kafin su daidaita. Duk da haka, an ƙirƙiri hanyoyi daban-daban don magance wannan matsala, kamar amfani da rufin ƙarfe na oxide, polarization na substrate, da annealing, wanda hakan ya sa wannan matsalar ta fi sauƙi a yanzu.
Sabanin haka, LTOI yana da ƙarancin lahani na kayan aiki, wanda ke haifar da raguwar abubuwan da ke faruwa a cikin ruwa. Ko da ba tare da ƙarin sarrafawa ba, wurin aiki yana da kwanciyar hankali. EPFL, Harvard, da Jami'ar Zhejiang sun ruwaito irin wannan sakamakon. Duk da haka, kwatancen sau da yawa yana amfani da masu daidaita LNOI marasa magani, waɗanda ƙila ba su da cikakken adalci; tare da sarrafawa, aikin kayan biyu wataƙila iri ɗaya ne. Babban bambanci yana cikin LTOI yana buƙatar ƙarancin ƙarin matakan sarrafawa.
②Ƙananan Birefringence: 0.004 vs 0.07
Yawan lithium niobate (LNOI) na iya zama ƙalubale a wasu lokutan, musamman ganin cewa lanƙwasawa na jagorar raƙuman ruwa na iya haifar da haɗakar yanayi da haɗakar yanayi. A cikin siririn LNOI, lanƙwasawa a cikin jagorar raƙuman ruwa na iya canza hasken TE zuwa hasken TM, wanda ke rikitar da ƙera wasu na'urori marasa aiki, kamar matattara.
Tare da LTOI, ƙarancin birefringence yana kawar da wannan matsala, wanda hakan zai iya sauƙaƙa ƙirƙirar na'urori masu aiki mai ƙarfi. EPFL ta kuma bayar da rahoton sakamako masu kyau, ta amfani da ƙarancin birefringence na LTOI da rashin haɗin yanayi don cimma samar da tsefe mai faɗi-faɗi na electro-optic tare da sarrafa watsawa mai faɗi a faɗin kewayon spectral. Wannan ya haifar da babban bandwidth na tsefe mai girman 450 nm tare da layukan tsefe sama da 2000, wanda ya fi girma sau da yawa fiye da abin da za a iya cimmawa tare da lithium niobate. Idan aka kwatanta da tsefe mai ƙarfin gani na Kerr, tsefe mai ƙarfin lantarki yana ba da fa'idar kasancewa ba tare da iyaka ba kuma ya fi karko, kodayake suna buƙatar shigarwar microwave mai ƙarfi.
③Babban Makomar Lalacewar Ganuwa
Matsakaicin lalacewar gani na LTOI ya ninka na LNOI sau biyu, yana ba da fa'ida a aikace-aikacen da ba na layi ba (da kuma yiwuwar aikace-aikacen Coherent Perfect Absorption (CPO) nan gaba). Matakan ƙarfin lantarki na yanzu ba zai iya lalata lithium niobate ba.
④Ƙarancin Tasirin Raman
Wannan kuma ya shafi aikace-aikacen da ba na layi ba. Lithium niobate yana da tasirin Raman mai ƙarfi, wanda a cikin aikace-aikacen Kerr na mitar optical comb zai iya haifar da samar da hasken Raman da ba a so da kuma samun gasa, yana hana combs na mitar optical lithium niobate x-cut daga isa ga yanayin soliton. Tare da LTOI, ana iya danne tasirin Raman ta hanyar ƙirar yanayin lu'ulu'u, yana ba da damar LTOI na x-cut don cimma samar da combs na mitar optical soliton. Wannan yana ba da damar haɗa combs na mitar optical soliton tare da masu daidaita saurin gudu, abin da ba za a iya cimmawa da LNOI ba.
◆ Me Yasa Ba A Ambaci Thin-Film Lithium Tantalate (LTOI) Ba A Da?
Lithium tantalate yana da ƙarancin zafin Curie fiye da lithium niobate (610°C idan aka kwatanta da 1157°C). Kafin haɓaka fasahar heterointegration (XOI), an ƙera masu daidaita lithium niobate ta amfani da watsa titanium, wanda ke buƙatar annealing a sama da 1000°C, wanda hakan ya sa LTOI bai dace ba. Duk da haka, tare da canjin yau zuwa amfani da substrates masu hana ruwa da etching na waveguide don ƙirƙirar modulator, zafin Curie na 610°C ya isa sosai.
◆ Shin Thin-Film Lithium Tantalate (LTOI) Zai Maye Gurbin Thin-Film Lithium Niobate (TFLN)?
Dangane da binciken da ake yi a yanzu, LTOI yana ba da fa'idodi a cikin aiki mai aiki, kwanciyar hankali, da kuma babban farashin samarwa, ba tare da wata matsala ba. Duk da haka, LTOI bai wuce lithium niobate ba a cikin aikin daidaitawa, kuma matsalolin kwanciyar hankali tare da LNOI suna da mafita da aka sani. Don hanyoyin sadarwa na DR, akwai ƙarancin buƙata ga abubuwan da ba su da aiki (kuma ana iya amfani da silicon nitride idan ana buƙata). Bugu da ƙari, ana buƙatar sabbin jari don sake kafa hanyoyin etching-level-wafer, dabarun heterointegration, da gwajin aminci (wahalar da etching-lithium niobate ba shine jagorar wave ba amma cimma etching-level-wafer mai yawan amfani). Saboda haka, don yin gasa da matsayin da aka kafa na lithium niobate, LTOI na iya buƙatar gano ƙarin fa'idodi. Duk da haka, a fannin ilimi, LTOI yana ba da babban yuwuwar bincike don tsarin on-chip da aka haɗa, kamar combs electro-optic octave-spanning, PPLT, na'urorin rarraba wavelength soliton da AWG, da masu daidaita array.
Lokacin Saƙo: Nuwamba-08-2024