Windows Optical Metallized: The Unsung Enablers in Precision Optics

A cikin madaidaicin na'urorin gani da tsarin optoelectronic, sassa daban-daban kowanne yana taka muhimmiyar rawa, suna aiki tare don cika ayyuka masu rikitarwa. Domin ana kera waɗannan abubuwan ta hanyoyi daban-daban, magungunan su ma sun bambanta. Daga cikin abubuwan da aka fi amfani da su,tagogin ganizo a yawancin bambance-bambancen tsari. Abun da ake ganin mai sauƙi amma mai mahimmanci shinekarfen gani taga-ba kawai "mai tsaron ƙofa" na hanyar gani ba, har ma da gaskiyamai kunnawana tsarin aiki. Mu duba a tsanake.

Menene tagar gani da aka yi ƙarfe-kuma me yasa aka daidaita ta?

1) Ma'anarsa

A taƙaice, akarfen gani tagawani yanki ne na gani wanda substrate-yawanci gilashi, fused silica, sapphire, da dai sauransu-yana da Layer na bakin ciki (ko multilayer) na karfe (misali, Cr, Au, Ag, Al, Ni) wanda aka ajiye akan gefunansa ko akan wuraren da aka keɓance ta hanyar matakan madaidaicin injin injin ruwa kamar evaporation ko sputtering.

Daga faffadan harajin tacewa, tagogi masu ƙarfe da ƙarfe neba“Fitar gani na gani” na gargajiya. An tsara matattarar gargajiya (misali, bandawa, ana tsara shi don aikawa ko kuma nuna wasu ƙungiyar masu zaman kansu, canza bakan wasan. Antaga gani, da bambanci, da farko yana da kariya. Dole ne ya kiyayebabban watsawasama da faffadan band (misali, VIS, IR, ko UV) yayin samarwawarewar muhalli da rufewa.

Fiye da daidai, taga mai ƙarfe nesubclass na musammanna gani taga. Bambancin sa yana cikinkarfen kafa, wanda ke ba da ayyuka taga talakawa ba zai iya bayarwa ba.

2) Me yasa metallize? Babban dalilai da fa'idodi

Rufe wani abu mai bayyana gaskiya tare da ƙaramin ƙarfe na iya zama mai ƙima, amma zaɓi ne mai kaifin basira. Metallization yawanci yana ba da damar ɗaya ko fiye na masu zuwa:

(a) Tsangwama na Electromagnetic (EMI) garkuwa
A yawancin na'urorin lantarki da na optoelectronic, na'urori masu auna firikwensin (misali, CCD/CMOS) da lasers suna da rauni ga EMI na waje-kuma suna iya fitar da kutse da kansu. Ƙarfe mai ci gaba mai gudana a kan taga yana iya aiki kamarFaraday keji, ƙyale haske ta hanyar yayin toshe filayen RF/EM maras so, ta haka yana daidaita aikin na'urar.

(b) Haɗin lantarki da ƙasa
Ƙarfe da aka yi da ƙarfe yana gudana. Ta hanyar siyar da gubar zuwa gare shi ko ta hanyar tuntuɓar ta zuwa gidan ƙarfe, zaku iya ƙirƙirar hanyoyin lantarki don abubuwan da aka ɗora a gefen taga na ciki (misali, na'urori masu zafi, na'urori masu auna zafin jiki, na'urorin lantarki) ko ɗaure taga zuwa ƙasa don tarwatsa tsaye da haɓaka garkuwa.

(c) Hatimin hatimi
Wannan shine yanayin amfani da dutsen ginshiƙi. A cikin na'urorin da ke buƙatar matsa lamba mai yawa ko yanayi mara kyau (misali, bututun Laser, bututun daukar hoto, firikwensin sararin sama), dole ne a haɗa taga zuwa fakitin ƙarfe tare dadindindin, hatimi mai dogaro da gaske. Amfanibrazing, da metallized baki na taga an haɗa zuwa karfe gidaje don cimma nisa mafi kyau hermeticity fiye da m bonding, tabbatar da dogon lokacin da muhalli kwanciyar hankali.

(d) Budewa da abin rufe fuska
Ƙarfe ba ya buƙatar rufe dukkan farfajiya; ana iya tsara shi. Ajiye abin rufe fuska na ƙarfe wanda aka keɓance (misali, madauwari ko murabba'i) yana bayyana daidaibayyanannun bude ido, toshe hasken da ba daidai ba, kuma yana inganta SNR da ingancin hoto.

Inda ake amfani da tagogin ƙarfe

Godiya ga waɗannan iyawar, tagogin ƙarfe da aka yi amfani da su suna yadu a duk inda mahalli ke buƙata:

• Tsaro & sararin samaniya:masu neman makami mai linzami, kayan aikin tauraron dan adam, tsarin IR na iska-inda girgiza, matsananciyar zafi, da EMI mai ƙarfi su ne al'ada. Ƙarfafawa yana kawo kariya, rufewa, da garkuwa.

• Manyan masana'antu & bincike:Laser masu ƙarfi, masu gano ɓarna, wuraren kallon sararin samaniya, cryostats — aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ingantaccen ingancin injin, haƙurin radiation, da amintattun mu'amalar lantarki.

• Kimiyyar Kiwon Lafiya & Rayuwa:kayan aiki tare da haɗaɗɗen Laser (misali, cytometers masu gudana) waɗanda dole ne su rufe rami yayin barin katako.

• Sadarwa & Hankali:fiber-optic modules da na'urori masu auna iskar gas waɗanda ke amfana daga garkuwar EMI don tsabtar sigina.

Maɓalli mai mahimmanci da ma'aunin zaɓi

Lokacin ƙididdigewa ko ƙididdige tagogi da aka yi da ƙarfe, mai da hankali kan:

1. Substrate abu- Yana ƙayyade aikin gani da aikin jiki:

• Gilashin BK7/K9:na tattalin arziki; dace da bayyane.

• Fused silica:babban watsa daga UV zuwa NIR; ƙananan CTE da kyakkyawan kwanciyar hankali.

• Sapphire:mai wuyar gaske, mai jurewa, mai tsananin zafi; m UV-tsakiyar-IR mai amfani a cikin matsananci yanayi.

• Si/G:da farko don IR bands.

2. Share fage (CA)– Yankin yana da tabbacin saduwa da ƙayyadaddun bayanai. Yankunan ƙarfe gabaɗaya suna kwance a waje (kuma sun fi girma) CA.

3. Nau'in ƙarfe & kauri-

• Crana amfani da shi sau da yawa don buɗaɗɗen toshe haske kuma azaman tushen mannewa / brazing tushe.

• Auyana ba da babban ƙarfin aiki da juriya na iskar shaka don soldering / brazing.
  Yawan kauri: dubun zuwa ɗaruruwan nanometers, waɗanda aka keɓe don aiki.

4. Watsawa- Fitar kashi bisa ɗari akan ƙungiyar da aka yi niyya (λ₁–λ₂). Manyan tagogi na iya wuce gona da iri99%a cikin band ɗin ƙira (tare da suturar AR masu dacewa akan buɗaɗɗen buɗe ido).

5. Hermeticity- Mahimmanci don tagogin brazed; yawanci ana tabbatarwa ta hanyar gwajin leak na helium, tare da tsattsauran ɗigon ɗigo kamar<1 × 10 cc/s(Atm Shi).

6. Daidaituwar brazing- Tarin ƙarfe dole ne ya jika kuma ya haɗa da kyau ga zaɓaɓɓun filaye (misali, AuSn, AgCu eutectic) kuma ya jure hawan keken zafi da damuwa na inji.

7. ingancin saman- Scratch-Dig (misali,60-40ko mafi kyau); ƙananan lambobi suna nuna ƙarancin lahani.

8. Siffar saman- Bambancin kwanciyar hankali, yawanci ƙayyadaddun raƙuman ruwa a wani tsayin da aka ba (misali,λ/4, λ/10 @ 632.8 nm); ƙananan dabi'u suna nufin mafi kyau flatness.

Kasan layi

Gilashin gani da ƙarfe na ƙarfe suna zaune a ƙarshen ƙarshenaikin ganikumaaikin inji/lantarki. Sun wuce watsawa kawai, suna hidima a matsayinshingen kariya, garkuwar EMI, mu'amalar hermetic, da gadoji na lantarki. Zaɓin mafita mai kyau yana buƙatar nazarin ciniki na matakin-tsari: Kuna buƙatar haɓakawa? Ƙwaƙwalwar hermeticity? Menene band ɗin aiki? Yaya tsananin nauyin muhalli? Amsoshin suna fitar da zaɓi na ƙasa, tari na ƙarfe, da hanyar sarrafawa.

Yana daidai wannan hade nadaidaitaccen ma'auni(dubun nanometers na injiniyoyin fina-finan ƙarfe) damacro-sikelin ƙarfi(tare da bambance-bambancen matsi da mugunyar zafin zafi) wanda ke sanya tagogin gani da aka yi da ƙarfe ya zama dole."Super taga"-Haɗin yanki mai laushi tare da mafi tsananin yanayi na duniya.